Latvia in Northern Europe situated on the shore of the Baltic Sea and bordered by Estonia to the North, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast. Approximate 98% of the country lies under 200 m altitude. Latvia contains over 12,000 rivers, only 17 among of them are longer than 100 km and over 3,000 short lakes, most of which are atrophy and drain into the Baltic Sea.

The climate is affected by the rampant southwesterly winds coming from the Atlantic. Humidity is high, and the skies are generally cloudy. There are only 30 to 40 days of sunshine per year. Different type of birds population like Nightingale, blackbird, woodpecker, owl, grouse, finch, quail, and lark is found in its forest.

Latvia is an egalitarian parliamentary that was settled in 1918. Riga is the capital and largest city of Latvia. The economy of Latvia is diverse, and by the early 21st century most industries are private Latvian is an Indo-European language is the official language of Latvia. It is an integrated state, divided into 118 administrative portions, of which 9 are cities and 109 are municipalities. Latvia’s major cities have their own government and its judicial system Latvia’s judicial system consist of district courts, regional courts, and a Supreme Court. Education is free and compulsory until age 16 The Latvian Academy of Sciences (1946) in Riga is one of the top research institutes in the country.